"For more than a century, the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) has been the basis for comparable statistics on causes of mortality and morbidity between places and over time. Originating in the 19th century, the latest version of the ICD, ICD-11, was adopted by the 72nd World Health Assembly in 2019 and came into effect on 1st January 2022. "
"ICD-O is a multi-axial classification of the site, morphology, behaviour, and grading of neoplasms. The topography axis uses the ICD-10 classification of malignant neoplasms (except those categories which relate to secondary neoplasms and to specified morphological types of tumours) for all types of tumours, thereby providing greater site detail for non-malignant tumours than is provided in ICD-10. In contrast to ICD-10, the ICD-O includes topography for sites of haematopoietic and reticuloendothelial tumours. The morphology axis provides five-digit codes ranging from M-8000/0 to M-9989/3. The first four digits indicate the specific histological term. The fifth digit after the slash (/) is the behaviour code, which indicates whether a tumour is malignant, benign, in situ, or uncertain (whether benign or malignant). A separate one-digit code is also provided for histologic grading (differentiation)."
"ICD–11 is the international standard for systematic recording, reporting, analysis, interpretation and comparison of mortality and morbidity data. This 11th revision is the result of an unprecedented collaboration with clinicians, statisticians, classification and IT experts from around the world, making it useable by these groups, as well as by coders."
"WHO has accepted ICPC-2 within the WHO FIC mainly as a reason for encounter classification and users may use it as a classification for primary care or general practice wherever applicable. ICPC-2 classifies patient data and clinical activity in the domains of General/Family Practice and primary care, taking into account the frequency distribution of problems seen in these domains. It allows classification of the patient’s reason for encounter (RFE), the problems/diagnosis managed, interventions, and the ordering of these data in an episode of care structure. It has a biaxial structure and consists of 17 chapters, each divided into 7 components dealing with symptoms and complaints (comp. 1), diagnostic, screening and preventive procedures (comp. 2), medication, treatment and procedures (comp. 3), test results (comp. 4), administrative (comp. 5), referrals and other reasons for encounter (comp. 6) and diseases (comp. 7)."
"The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, known more commonly as ICF, is a classification of health and health-related domains. As the functioning and disability of an individual occurs in a context, ICF also includes a list of environmental factors. ICF is the WHO framework for measuring health and disability at both individual and population levels. ICF was officially endorsed by all 191 WHO Member States in the Fifty-fourth World Health Assembly on 22 May 2001(resolution WHA 54.21) as the international standard to describe and measure health and disability. ICF is based on the same foundation as ICD and ICHI and share the same set of extension codes that enable documentation at a higher level of detail."
"The ATC/DDD system classifies therapeutic drugs. The purpose of the ATC/DDD system is to serve as a tool for drug utilization research in order to improve quality of drug use. In the ATC classification system, the drugs are divided into different groups according to the organ or system on which they act and their chemical, pharmacological and therapeutic properties. Drugs are classified into five different levels. Drug consumption statistics (international and other levels) can be presented for each of these five levels.
The Guidelines were published for the first time in the current format in 1990. The Index was published as a paper copy in the current format in 1990 for the first time. The system has been in use for statistics since 1975. Last date change: 2003. Annual updates, now in Version 6 for the Guidelines in the current format and Version 13 for the Index in the current format."
"The International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI) is a common tool for reporting and analysing health interventions for clinical and statistical purposes. ICHI covers interventions carried out by a broad range of providers across the full scope of health systems and includes interventions on: diagnostic, medical, surgical, mental health, primary care, allied health, functioning support, rehabilitation, traditional medicine and public health. The classification is built around three axes: Target (the entity on which the Action is carried out), Action (a deed done by an actor to a target) and Means (the processes and methods by which the Action is carried out). Extension codes are shared with ICD and ICF in the common foundation and allow users to describe additional detail about the intervention in addition to the relevant ICHI code. A simple, logical syntax links ICHI stem codes and extension codes, interventions performed together, and packages of interventions. The number of categories in ICHI, is determined with regard to the use cases for ICHI and the need for stability of the classification over time. The terminological core allows for a high level of detail (granularity) for all kinds of clinical documentation and data usage.The Beta-3 version of ICHI was released in October 2020. The component relating to clinical interventions has been finalized. The components on functioning interventions and public health interventions are under final review and are finalized 2021. ICHI will be freely available, under the same licensing as ICD (ICD-11)."